Genesee County Health Department

Better Life Through Better Health

Gum Disease 

Some people believe that bleeding gums are "normal." But bleeding gums are a sign of gum disease, an infection of the tissues that surround and support the teeth. Gum disease is a leading cause of tooth loss in adults. Many may not know they have it or ignore the signs because the disease can be painless.

Gum disease is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. Bacteria produce acids that can damage the teeth and gums. During the early stage of gum disease, called gingivitis, the gums are often red, swollen and bleed easily. During advanced gum disease, or periodontal disease, the gums and bone that support the teeth can become seriously damaged. Teeth can become loose, separate, fall out or have to be removed by a dentist. Signs of gum disease are:

• Gums that bleed when brushing teeth
• Red, swollen or tender gums
• Gums that have receded or pulled away from the teeth
• Bad breath that doesn’t go away
• Pus between the teeth and gums
• A change in the way teeth fit together when biting
• A change in the fit of partial dentures

Routine dental checkups and regular professional cleaning can prevent gum disease. Your dental professional will look for signs during each checkup. If gum disease is found, treatment will depend upon the type of gum disease and how far it has progressed. Brushing and flossing your teeth well each day and regular professional cleaning will help fight plaque build-up. Follow home care instructions provided by your dental professional.

For more information about dental health, call the Genesee County Health Department at 810-257-3832 or access the American Dental Association website at www.ada.org.